Perestroika - A term used by Mikhail Gorbachev to describe a reconstruction of the Soviet economy and industry. Nuclear weapon - A nuclear weapon is a device that uses nuclear forces to create a huge explosion capable of destroying an entire city. It is an alliance of democratic and western countries including much of Western Europe, Canada, and the United States.
NATO - NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It comes from a time when Senator McCarthy of the US made several accusations of people being communists and traitors during the Cold War. McCarthyism - This is the term given to accusations of treason or disloyalty without having evidence. It is the basis of many communist governments. Marxism - Marxism is an economic and political philosophy named after its author German philosopher Karl Marx. The idea of the iron curtain was that it kept information and people from crossing from the communist east to the democratic west. Iron Curtain - The iron curtain was a descriptive term or symbol used to describe the border between the communist and democratic countries of Europe. Glasnost - Glasnost was a policy introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev that allowed for more openness in the Soviet government as well as some level of freedom of speech. It was based on a speech President Eisenhower gave to Congress and was a warning to the Soviet Union. It ended when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979.Įastern Bloc - The Eastern Bloc was a name given to the Soviet Union and its communist controlled states in Eastern Europe such as Poland, East Germany, and Bulgaria.Įisenhower Doctrine - The Eisenhower Doctrine stated that a country could ask for military support from the United States if it was threatened by another country. It started around 1971 and included President Nixon's visit to Moscow as well as the SALT talks.
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They also tried to outdo each other in weapons technology and defense.Ĭapitalism - An economic system based on private ownership (rather than government ownership) and the free market system.Ĭommunism - An economic system based on government ownership and control of resources.ĭétente - A softening or easing of relations between the United States and the Soviet Union. Glossary and Terms Arms Race - A competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to manufacture the most nuclear weapons.
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